Vol. 2, No. 5 (2026)
Table of Contents
Earthworm Learning and Behavioral Plasticity as Drivers of Soil Structural Dynamics and Ecosystem Function
John Warren Reynolds, Wilma M. Reynolds
Abstract: Earthworms are foundational ecosystem engineers whose burrowing, feeding, and microhabitat selection behaviors shape soil structure, nutrient cycling, and microbial organization. Although often regarded as organisms with limited behavioral complexity, accumulating evidence demonstrate...
Curcumin Supplementation in Ruminants: Effects on Growth Performance, Rumen Health, Oxidative Stress, Immunity, and Inflammatory Responses
Shahad I Al Nuaimi
Abstract: This review reviews the effects of adding curcumin to ruminant diets, a natural polyphenol extracted from turmeric (Curcuma longa). Literature suggests that it may improve growth performance and feed conversion efficiency, modulate rumen fermentations and microbiome, and reduce oxidat...
Ultrasonographic Mapping of Infectious Pulmonary Lesions in Ruminants: Diagnostic Patterns and Clinical Correlations
Mohammed T Al-Noaemy
Abstract: Infectious respiratory diseases are among the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in ruminants, and cause significant economic losses on cattle, sheep and goat farms. This review aims to draw an ultrasonographic map of infectious lung lesions in ruminants and identify dia...